Fifa World Club History

The 2000 FIFA Club World Championship, held in Brazil, consisted of eight qualifiers: the six continental champions, the 1998 Intercontinental Champions and the host nation champions. The tournament was extremely controversial, most notably in England where Manchester United had to withdraw from a national cup competition, the FA Cup, in order to compete and in Brazil, due to the participation of Sport Club Corinthians Paulista being based solely in the fact he was the host nation national champion and not having won any international competition in the later two years, as all the others teams in the competition. The launch of the competition was understood by some to be part of a struggle between FIFA and UEFA, who were competing for control of international club football: the existing Intercontinental Cup was outside of FIFA's jurisdiction. The final was competed between the two Brazilian sides and the winner was the controversial Corinthians in a penalty shoot-out over Clube de Regatas Vasco da Gama.

The second competition was penciled in for Spain in 2001, to feature 12 teams. This was cancelled owing to a combination of factors, most importantly the collapse of FIFA's marketing partner ISL. It was then intended to hold the event in 2003, but this also failed to happen. FIFA eventually agreed to terms with the UEFA to merge the two competitions.


The final Intercontinental Cup was in 2004, with the first installment of the relaunched Club World Championship Toyota Cup held in Japan between December 11 and December 18, 2005.

The 2005 relaunched version was shorter than the previous World Championship, reducing the problem of scheduling the tournament around the different club seasons across each continent. It contained just the six reigning continental champions, with the CONMEBOL and UEFA champions receiving byes to the semi-finals of the tournament. A completely new trophy was introduced, replacing all previous cups: the Intercontinental trophy, the Toyota trophy and the trophy won by Corinthians in 2000.

The competition was then renamed as FIFA Club World Cup[ for the 2006 event, which was held annually in Japan until 2008. The United Arab Emirates hosted the event in 2009 and is also hosting it in 2010. For the 2007 FIFA Club World Cup, a play-off match between the OFC champions and the host-nation champions for entry into the quarter-final stage was introduced in order to increase home interest in the tournament. The reintroduction of the match for fifth place for the 2008 competition also prompted an increase in prize money by US$500,000 to a total of US$16.5 million. The winners took away $5 million, second-placed team received $4 million, the third-placed team $2.5 million, the fourth-placed team $2 million, the fifth-placed team $1.5 million, the sixth-placed team $1 million and the seventh-placed team received $500,000.

In February 2008 a FIFA Club World Cup Champions Badge was introduced, featuring an image of the trophy, which the reigning champion is entitled to display on its kit until the final of the next championship. Initially, all four previous champions were allowed to wear the badge until the 2008 final, where Manchester United gained the sole right to wear the badge by winning the trophy.

The teams with the most appearances in the competition are Al-Ahly of Egypt and Pachuca of Mexico who have played in three out of the six tournaments held - 2005, 2006 and 2008 for Al-Ahly and 2007, 2008 and 2010 for Pachuca.

-wikipedia.org-

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History,

Uefa Champions League History

Uefa Champions Lague Cup

The UEFA Champions League, was previously called the Champion's Cup after the first place trophy. In 1954, English team Wolverhampton made an European tour, playng with almost all the most important clubs in the continent. They got amazing results, beating also the Hungarian Giants of Honved, with Puskas, Hidegkuti, Kocsis. The English press celebrated the Wolves' success writing they were “the best team in the World”, or “the best in Europe”. French journalist Gabriel Hanot did not like this, he stated there were at least three European teams stronger than the English: Real Madrid, Honved and AC Milan. And, just as a French, also Saint Etienne. So, Hanot proposed through the columns of “L'Equipe” a European Championship for clubs.

And competition began in 1955–56 using a two-leg knockout format where the teams would play two matches, one at home and one away, and the team with the highest overall score qualifying for the next round of the competition. Until 1997, entry was restricted to the teams that won their national league championships, plus the current European Cup holder. In the 1992–93 season, the format was changed to include a group stage and the tournament was renamed the UEFA Champions League. There have since been numerous changes to eligibility for the competition, the number of qualifying rounds and the group structure. In 1997–98, eligibility was expanded to include the runners-up from some countries according to UEFA's coefficient ranking list. The qualification system has been restructured so that national champions from lower ranked countries have to take part in one or more qualifying rounds before the group stages, while runners-up from higher ranked countries enter in later rounds. Up to four clubs from the top-ranked countries are currently given entry to the competition.

Between 1960 and 2004, the winner of the tournament qualified for the now defunct Intercontinental Cup against the winner of the Copa Libertadores of South America. Since then, the winner automatically qualifies for the FIFA-organised Club World Cup with other winners of continental club championships.

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History,

FIFA Presidents

FIFA has been served by eight Presidents since its foundation in 1904. From Frenchman Robert Guerin to the current incumbent Joseph S. Blatter via Jules Rimet, the father of the FIFA World Cup™, each President has played his part in the growth and development of the world's favourite game.

 

Robert Guerin, France - 1904-06
Born 1876, Died 1952
Frenchman Robert Guerin was the dynamic figure behind the founding of FIFA in 1904. A journalist with Le Matin newspaper, Guerin was actively involved in football through his role as secretary of the Football Department of the Union des Societes Françaises de Sports Athletiques. He brought together representatives of the first seven member countries in Paris for the signing of FIFA's foundation act and agreement of the first FIFA statutes. On 22 May 1904, Guerin - then just 28 - was elected president at the inaugural FIFA Congress and remained in his post for two years, during which time another eight associations came on board, including the English Football Association.

Daniel Burley Woolfall, England - 1906-18
Born 1852, Died 1918
An English FA administrator from Blackburn, Daniel Burley Woolfall was elected as President on 4 June 1906. A key aim during his presidency was to achieve uniform football rules on an international level and he played a prominent role in the drafting of FIFA's new constitution. Under Woolfall, the application of the Laws of the Game, established under the English model, became compulsory and a clear definition was made of international matches. Two years after assuming the presidency, he helped organise the first noteworthy international football competition, the 1908 Olympic Games in London. His reign as president brought the arrival of FIFA's first non-European members in South Africa, Argentina, Chile and the United States but was interrupted by the outbreak of the First World War. Woolfall's presidency ended with his death in August 1918.


Jules Rimet, France- 1921-54
Born 1873, Died 1956
(named Honorary FIFA President on 21 June 1954)
When the FIFA World Cup trophy was renamed in honour of Jules Rimet in 1946, it was rightful recognition of the role played by the Frenchman, then celebrating his 25 th anniversary as President, in establishing what fast became the sport's foremost competition. Rimet, inspired by the success of the Olympic Football Tournament, was the driving force behind the FIFA World Cup's inception in 1930. His overriding aim was a rapprochement of nations through sport and the First World War only reinforced his determination. He oversaw the first five tournaments before handing 'his' trophy over for the final time to West Germany captain Fritz Walter in June 1954. That same month, the then 80-year-old ended his long reign - during which FIFA membership grew from 20 to 85 countries - and became the federation's first Honorary President.


Rodolphe William Seeldrayers, Belgium - 1954-55
Born 1876, Died 1955
A lawyer from Brussels, Rodolphe William Seeldrayers was an accomplished sportsman in his youth, winning a Belgian championship with Racing Club Brussels - a club he later served as president. As a sports administrator, he helped found the Belgian Football Association and served on the International Olympic Committee. At FIFA he performed the duties of Vice-President for 27 years prior to succeeding Jules Rimet, his great comrade-in-arms. Seeldrayers was President for the 1954 FIFA World Cup and also oversaw the world governing body's 50 th anniversary celebrations that same year. He died in office on 7 October 1955.

Arthur Drewry, England - 1955-61
Born 1891, Died 1961
Arthur Drewry served as interim head of FIFA for six months following the death of Rodolphe William Seeldrayers and then became President in his own right in June 1956. Together with Stanley Rous, he had keenly supported Jules Rimet's efforts to bring the British associations back into FIFA in 1946 and he also served as president of the Football League and chairman of the Football Association in England. The near five years that Drewry spent as President - from his election in 1956 to his passing aged 70 on 25 March 1961 - included the 1958 FIFA World Cup in Sweden.





Sir Stanley Rous, England - 1961-74
Born 1895, Died 1986
(named Honorary FIFA President on 11 June 1974)
Sir Stanley Rous had already made an impressive contribution to football on and off the field before becoming President of FIFA. As a top-class referee, he took charge of the FA Cup final in England and 36 international matches. Then, having becoming secretary of the English FA in 1934, he helped rewrite the Laws of the Game in 1938 while his patient diplomacy helped pave the way for the British nations rejoining FIFA in 1946. Rous was knighted in 1949 for his contribution to the London Olympics the previous year and to sport in general. He became the third English President of FIFA when he took the reins in September 1961 and during his term of office, the FIFA World Cup became a worldwide television spectacle - particularly with the Mexico 1970 finals, which were the first to be broadcast around the globe in colour. Four years earlier he had been witness to England's FIFA World Cup triumph on home soil.



João Havelange, Brazil - 1974-98
Born 1916
(named Honorary FIFA President on 8 June 1998)
Dr João Havelange's 24 years as FIFA President were a period of significant change which featured, most notably, the expansion of the FIFA World Cup from a 16-team tournament to one twice as large by the time the Brazilian left his post in 1998. An Olympic swimmer and water polo player in his younger days, Havelange's greatest achievement as a football administrator was arguably to ensure increased involvement on the world stage for teams from Asia, Africa, CONCACAF and Oceania, who had had just three FIFA World Cup finalists between them in 1974. FIFA's Zurich headquarters housed just 12 staff members when he took office yet that figure would increase almost tenfold as FIFA's organisational responsibilities and commercial interests grew, not least with a wave of new tournaments introduced, notably the world championships at Under-17 and U20 level in the late 1980s and the FIFA Confederations Cup and FIFA Women's World Cup at the start of the 1990s.






Joseph S. Blatter, Switzerland - 1998-present
Born 1936
Joseph S. Blatter had already served FIFA for 23 years when he was elected President of world football's governing body on 8 June 1998. A former keen amateur footballer, he joined FIFA as Director of Technical Programmes in 1975 where he helped lay the foundations for future under-age and women's competitions. He worked closely under his predecessor, Dr João Havelange, serving as General Secretary for nine years from 1981 and subsequently CEO, and playing a key role in organising five FIFA World Cups from Spain 1982 onwards. The Swiss was also the driving force behind FIFA's ongoing partnership with SOS Children's Villages, which started in 1994, and since his election he has extended the federation's humanitarian remit by forming an alliance with UNICEF. Re-elected for a second term as President on 29 May 2002, Mr Blatter has expanded FIFA's competition portfolio, developing the FIFA Club World Cup as well as introducing world championships for Beach Soccer and Futsal.


-fifa.com-

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History,

Value Calculation FIFA rating

1. FIFA ranking compiled by the rating team national football teams
2. FIFA rating based on the total value derived in the last 4 years. FIFA Ranking revised each end of the month. Each end of the month, the value of the national teams rating is calculated again based on his performance during the last 4 years, commencing the end of that month.
3. There is no reduction in the value rating due to lose a fight because it is increasingly frequent national teams perform matches against other national teams, will have hopes of increasing the value rating
4. Diminishing value rating could occur not because of lost play, but because the decline or disappearance of value rating results by the past. The longer the game has been done will be smaller in value rating
5. The formula for calculating the value of the national teams in FIFA's rating is = 
(Y x M x I x T x C x 100): 4

* Y = 1 if the game done before 1 year ago

Y = 0.5 when the match was performed 1 year to 2 years ago

Y = 0.3 if the match is done in 2 years to 3 years ago

Y = 0.2 if the game made 3 years to 4 years ago and

Y = 0 when the game made after 4 years ago

* M = 3 if the winning play,

M = 2 if won on penalties,

M = 1 if the draw or lose on penalties and

M = 0 if lost

* I = 1 for a tournament friendly game or small,

I = 2.5 for the world cup or cup qualification continent,

I = 3 for continental trophies and

I = 4 for the World Cup

* T = (200-ranked opponent teams play) divided by 100;

But the minimum value of T = 0.5

* C = depending on the membership of the confederation;

UEFA = 1;

CONMEBOL = 0.99;

CONCACAF = 0.88;

AFC, CAF and OFC = 0.85

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History,

History of Coppa Italia

The Coppa Italia (Italian for Italy Cup, officially known as TIM Cup because of its sponsorship) is an Italian football annual cup competition. Its first edition was held in 1922, but the second champions were not crowned until 1936. Roma and Juventus lead the way with nine wins. Roma has contested more finals: 16 (Torino and Juventus follow with 13). The holder can wear a "tricolore" cockade, like the roundels that appear on military aircraft, and qualifies for a UEFA Europa League spot for the next season.
The tournament is known for its low attendances, mainly because most teams consider the tournament of low importance and do not field their best line-up, especially after the abolition of the UEFA Cup Winners' Cup. While some top clubs may average over 50,000 for league games, often these same clubs will attract crowds of around 1,000 for Coppa Italia matches. Many domestic cups elsewhere in Europe attract larger crowds. It is often in the final, where the UEFA Europa League spot is up for grabs, that larger crowds attend the games.
Coincidentally, in five of the last six years, the Coppa Italia final has been contested by the same two teams – Inter and Roma. This includes the 2009–10 Coppa Italia final. The match was held at the Stadio Olimpico in Rome on 5 May 2010 and ended with Inter winning 1–0. It was Inter's 6th Coppa Italia title, and first since 2006. In this current final streak between the two teams, Inter now has the edge 3–2 having won the final of most recent edition by a single goal to nil. Both missed the final in 2008–09.

Format

The competition is a knockout tournament with pairings for each round made in advance; the draw for the whole competition is made before a ball is kicked. Each tie is played as a single leg, with the exception of the two-legged semi-finals. If a match is drawn, extra time is played. In the event of a draw after 120 minutes, a penalty shoot-out is contested. As well as being presented with the trophy, the winning team also qualifies for the UEFA Europa League (formerly named the UEFA Cup). If the winners have already qualified for the UEFA Champions League via Serie A, the UEFA Europa League place goes to the Coppa Italia runners-up. If they also have qualified for the UEFA Champions League, or are not entitled to play in UEFA competitions for any reason, the place goes to the next highest placed finisher in the league table.
There are a total of 8 rounds in the competition. The competition begins in August with the first round and is contested only by the lowest-ranked clubs – those outside the top two divisions. Clubs playing in Serie B join in in the second round and the twelve lowest-ranked teams in Serie A based on the previous league season's positions (unless they are to compete in European competition that year) begin the competition in the third round before August is over. The remaining eight Serie A teams join the competition in the fourth round in January, at which point sixteen teams remain. The round of 16, the quarter-finals and the first leg of the semi-finals are then played in quick succession after the Fourth Round and the second leg of the semi-final is played a couple of months later; in April before the May-contest final. The rather unusual two-leg final was eliminated two years ago and a single-match final is now played at the Stadio Olimpico in Rome.[1]


-wikipedia.org-

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History,

Copa del Rey

he Copa del Rey (English: The King's Cup) is an annual football cup competition for Spanish football teams. Its full name is Campeonato de España – Copa de Su Majestad El Rey Don Juan Carlos I (Championship of Spain – His Majesty King Juan Carlos I's Cup), referring to the current King of Spain, Juan Carlos I of Spain.
The competition was founded in 1902. FC Barcelona have won the cup on the most occasions, with 25 wins.

History

The competition was first played in 1902 after Carlos Padrós, later president of Madrid FC, suggested a football competition to celebrate the coronation of Alfonso XIII. Three other teams joined Real Madrid CF for the first competition: FC Barcelona, RCD Espanyol, and Athletic Bilbao. The competition featured the first recorded game between FC Barcelona and Real Madrid CF, with the latter emerging 2–3 winners. Real Madrid CF eventually defeated Athletic Bilbao in the final.
It has been Spain's football “National Championship″ since 1903[1], before the foundation of the “Campeonato de Liga″—League Championship—in 1928.
It was initially known as the Copa del Ayuntamiento de Madrid (Madrid City Council's Cup). Between 1905 and 1932, it was known as the Copa de Su Majestad El Rey Alfonso XIII (His Majesty King Alfonso XIII's Cup). During the Second Spanish Republic it was known as the Copa del Presidente de la República (President of the Republic Cup) or Copa de España (Spanish Cup) and during the years of the Francisco Franco's dictatorship it was known as the Copa de Su Excelencia El Generalísimo or Copa del Generalísimo ((His Excellency) The Supreme General's Cup).[1] Teams from upper and lower divisions play against each other but the number of clubs allowed to participate is restricted.
The 1902 competition was won by Club Vizcaya, a team made up of players from Athletic Club and Bilbao FC. The 1902 cup is on display in the Athletic museum,[2] and the club includes the victory in its honours list.
Athletic Bilbao were declared winners in 1904 after their opponents Club Español de Madrid failed to show up. In both 1910 and 1913, there was a split among the clubs and two rival associations, the Unión Española de Clubs de Fútbol and the Federación Española de Fútbol, organised rival competitions, the Copa UECF and the Copa FEF. In 1937, during the Spanish Civil War clubs in the Republican area of Spain entered the Copa de la España Libre, with Levante FC beating their city rivals Valencia CF 1–0 in the final. Although in 2007 the Congress of Deputies urged Royal Spanish Football Federation to recognise it as a Copa del Rey win for Levante FC,[3] the governing body of Spanish football has not made a decision yet.[4]
Because of the dispute regarding the 1902 competition the statistics regarding the leading winners are also disputed. FC Barcelona have won the Copa 25 times; Athletic Bilbao are just behind, with either 24 or 23 titles, depending on the source. Throughout the history of the competition there have been 12 actual trophies. Trophies have been permanently awarded to clubs for winning the competition three times in a row and/or on five separate occasions. Thus, four trophies have been permanently awarded to FC Barcelona, three to Athletic Bilbao and one to Real Madrid CF.
Athletic Bilbao kept the first trophy as inaugural winners, Sevilla FC were awarded the Trofeo del Generalísimo in 1939 and Atlético Madrid, winners the previous year, were awarded the 11th trophy following the death of Francisco Franco. The remaining trophy is the one in current usage.
Before the formation of La Liga in 1929, the competition was effectively a national championship. Teams qualified to enter via their regional leagues. Over the years, various formats, including group stages have been used. Unlike the English FA Cup, entry is limited. Only teams from the Primera Division, Segunda A, about twenty-three teams from the Segunda B and the Tercera Division champions (or runners-up if the champion is a reserve team) are invited to enter. The early rounds are one-off games with teams from the lower divisions given home advantage. The round of 32, the round of 16, the quarter finals and semi-finals are played over two legs. The final is a one-off game played at a neutral venue. The winners qualify for both the Supercopa de España and the UEFA Europa League the following season.

Etymology

Real Madrid CF were originally known as Madrid FC and did not add the Real until 1920. During the Spanish Second Republic the club dropped Real from their name. In 1941, a decree issued by General Franco banned the use of non-Spanish language names. FC Barcelona and Sevilla FC became CF Barcelona and Sevilla CF and Athletic Bilbao had to change the spelling of their prefix to Atlético. RCD Espanyol were known as RCD Español until 1995.


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History,

History of FA

Football as we know it dates back to 1863, when the chief clubs and schools playing their own versions of the game met to form “The Football Association”.
There had been rules in the past. Too many and often conflicting - that was the problem. With its origins in mob football, an often violent game played on holy days in English towns and villages in which an anything-goes philosophy was adopted to get the ball to designated ends, differences early on centred on the amount of handling and hacking involved.


From the early 19th Century, matches were first played on the pitches, playgrounds and cloisters of England’s public schools, but Eton’s way of playing would differ to Harrow’s, theirs to Winchester’s, to Charterhouse’s and so on to the ultimate extreme at Rugby. Frustrated, undergraduates at Cambridge tried to unify the rules in the mid-to-late 1840s and those rules would largely be accepted on the evening of 26 October 1863. At London’s Freemason’s Tavern representatives from 12 clubs and schools from the London area met to bang out a code for the game.


One school, Blackheath, refused to accept the non-inclusion of hacking (kicking below the knee) and walked out but the eleven others agreed to form The Football Association. Under the charge of Ebenezer Cobb Morley, 14 Laws were penned to a game that would in the following century break its little England origins to become the most played, watched and talked about activity on the planet.


The aim was to frame a set of official rules under which they could all play. The FA Cup, international football, professionalism and league competition followed. From there, football has spread irresistibly all over the world.


Despite the unification of the rules and the creation of The Football Association in 1863, disputes, largely involving Sheffield clubs who had announced their own set of ideas in 1857, persisted into the late 1870s. However, the creation of the International Football Association Board finally put an end to all arguments. Saturday holidays, the banning of blood sports, the sprouting railway system and a growing working class, both moneyed and passionate about the game, all contributed to the rise in football’s popularity.


It meant a body to protect and preserve the rules had become a necessity. Made up of two representatives from each of the four associations of the United Kingdom (the FAs of Wales and Ireland had been founded in 1876 and 1880 respectively), the IFAB met for the first time on 2 June 1886 to guard the Laws of the Game. Then, as today, a three-quarters majority was needed for a proposal to be passed.


The FA's influence increased significantly after a “Challenge Cup” was established in 1871. Within a decade the original membership of 12 clubs had increased to 128. Wanderers, a team formed by ex-public school and university players, won the first “Cup Final” 1-0 against Royal Engineers at Kennington Oval. From 1923 to 2000 the match was played at Wembley and The FA Cup has become established as one of England’s great sporting institutions. Its history and tradition, and especially the pageantry of The Final, is familiar to millions at home and abroad.


The first international matches were those played between England and Scotland in the 1870s. The series owed its beginning to the enterprise of Charles Alcock, Honorary Secretary of The FA, who advertised in a sporting newspaper that a match would be played between “the leading representatives of the Scotch and English sections”. A crowd of 4,000 watched the first official international in Glasgow in 1872. It was not until 1908, when an England side toured central Europe, that matches were played against countries outside Britain.


The FA rejoined FIFA, the world football authority, after the Second World War and an England team competed for the World Cup for the first time in Brazil in 1950. It was Bobby Charlton (later Sir Bobby) who played a crucial role in England’s re-emergence as a world power in the 1960s, playing with team-mates of the calibre of Banks, Moore and Peters. Ably managed by Alf (later Sir Alf) Ramsey, England won the World Cup in 1966. Since that great day at Wembley, there have been two appearances in European Championship semi-finals (1968 and 1996) and one in a World Cup semi-final (1990).


The Football Association has been a Limited Company since 1903 and, as such, holds an AGM, at which amendments to its rules are agreed by shareholders. It has built on its reputation as the world’s senior football administration, adding greatly to its activities over the years. It remains English football’s governing body, promoting and protecting the game, and it values the input of leagues and associations up and down the country - because their enthusiasm and professionalism ensure that football will continue to thrive.


In August 2009, The FA's headquarters moved from Soho Square to Wembley Stadium. 

-TheFA.com-

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History,

Hstory of FIFA

History of FIFA - Foundation

The Fédération Internationale de Football Association (FIFA) was founded in the rear of the headquarters of the Union Française de Sports Athlétiques at the Rue Saint Honoré 229 in Paris on 21 May 1904. The foundation act was signed by the authorised representatives of the following associations:

* France - Union des Sociétés Françaises de Sports Athlétiques (USFSA)
* Belgium - Union Belge des Sociétés de Sports (UBSSA)
* Denmark - Dansk Boldspil Union (DBU)
* Netherlands - Nederlandsche Voetbal Bond (NVB)
* Spain - Madrid Football Club
* Sweden - Svenska Bollspells Förbundet (SBF)
* Switzerland - Association Suisse de Football (ASF)

Present at that historic meeting were: Robert Guérin and André Espir (France); Louis Muhlinghaus and Max Kahn (Belgium); Ludvig Sylow (Denmark); Carl Anton Wilhelm Hirschman (Netherlands); Victor E Schneider (Switzerland). Sylow also represented the SBF while Spir performed the same function for the Madrid Football Club.

When the idea of founding an international football federation began taking shape in Europe, the intention of those involved was to recognise the role of the English who had founded their Football Association back in 1863. Hirschman, secretary of the Netherlands Football Association, turned to the Football Association. Its secretary, FJ Wall, did accept the proposal but progress stalled while waiting for the Executive Committee of the Football Association, the International FA Board and the associations of Scotland, Wales and Ireland to give their opinion about the matter.

Guérin, secretary of the football department of the Union des Sociétés Françaises de Sports Athlétiques and a journalist with Le Matin newspaper, did not want to wait any longer. He contacted the national associations on the continent in writing and asked them to consider the possibility of founding an umbrella organisation.

When Belgium and France met in the first official international match in Brussels on 1 May 1904, Guérin discussed the subject with his Belgian counterpart Louis Muhlinghaus. It was now definite that the English FA, under its president Lord Kinnaird, would not be participating in the foundation of an international federation. So Guérin took the opportunity and sent out invitations to the founding assembly. The process of organising the international game had begun.

The first FIFA Statutes were laid down and the following points determined: the reciprocal and exclusive recognition of the national associations represented and attending; clubs and players were forbidden to play simultaneously for different national associations; recognition by the other associations of a player's suspension announced by an association; and the playing of matches according to the Laws of the Game of the Football Association Ltd.

Each national association had to pay an annual fee of FF50. Already then there were thoughts of staging an international competition and Article 9 stipulated that FIFA alone was entitled to take over the organisation of such an event. It was decided that these regulations would only come into force as of 1 September 1904. Moreover, the first Statutes of FIFA were only of a provisional nature, in order to simplify the acceptance of additional members. On the day of foundation, the Deutscher Fussball-Bund (German FA) sent a telegram confirming that it would adhere to these Statutes in principle.

-fifa.com-

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History,

The football rules history

Soccer game that has indeed crossed the tens of centuries had been developed, including the rules used in the game. World history has recorded a series of important events related to this rule, as follows:


* 1815 Eton Collage making raw rules rugby football.
* 1848 Born Cambridge regulatory rules, as favored by many colleges in the UK. So eventually became rules football
* Eleven 1863 London football club held a meeting at the Freemason's Travern to formulate basic rules football game. It was formed Football Association (FA).
* 1868 FA rules ban raises to touch the ball with his hand. With these rules then a separate football with rugby.
* 1888 William McGreror (Aston Villa director) managed to get 12 clubs agreed to corral the party rules - away. English League officially rolling on 8 September 1888
* 1904 Establishment of Federation International Football Association (FIFA)
* 1930 First implementation of the World Cup in Uruguay on July 13 to 30, and the result was the host to be champion after defeating Argentina 4-2.
* 1956 Champions Cup was first held in France.

So a bit about the history of football rules the world.

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History,

History of whistle football

Always play to the whistle

Wherever football is played, the chances are that the referee's whistle is an 'Acme Thunderer'. Invented by Joseph Hudson, an English toolmaker from Birmingham, in 1884, the Thunderer has been heard in 137 countries; at World Cups, Cup Finals, in parks, playing fields and beaches across the globe.

Over 160 million Thunderers have been manufactured by Hudson & Co., which is still based in Birmingham, England. Apart from football, Hudson whistles have also been used by crewmen on the Titanic, by British 'bobbies' (policemen) and by reggae musicians.

Today the Fox 40 series of whistles are very popular with many referees because of their "pea-less" design.
1860/70s: A toolmaker in England, called Joseph Hudson, converted his humble washroom at St. Marks Square in Birmingham, which he rented for 1s. 6d. (one shilling and six pence per week) into a whistle making workshop.

1878: It was generally written that the first football match to be officiated with a whistle was held in 1878 at the English Football Association Cup 2nd Round game between Nottingham Forest (2) v Sheffield (0). This was probably the 'Acme City' brass whistle, originally made by Joseph Hudson around the year 1875. Before that, signals where communicated by the umpires to the players by waving a handkerchief, a stick or by shouting.

In 1878, football matches were still officiated by two umpires who patrolled inside the field of play. The Referee of those days, took a subservient role on the touchline, and was only used as a mediator if the two umpires were unable to reach a decision. It would therefore have been most unlikely for the Referee of 1878 to require a whistle for his 'referring' role. The two umpires would have been the whistle blowers in these games.


1883: Joseph Hudson created the first London Police whistle to replace the hand rattle. Joseph came by accident across the distinctive sound required, when he dropped his violin. As the bridge and strings broke it murmured a dying note that lead to the perfect sound. Enclosing a pellet inside the policeman's whistle created the unique warbling sound, by interfering with the air vibration. The Police whistle could be heard over a mile away and was adopted as the official whistle of the London Bobby.

1884: Joseph Hudson, supported by his son, continued to revolutionize the world of whistles. The world's first reliable 'pea' whistle 'The Acme Thunderer' is launched, offering total reliability, control and power to the Referee.

1891: It was not until 1891 that umpires were abolished to the touchline as linesmen, and the Referee is introduced - operating for the first time on the field of play. It was probably here, when the Referee (as opposed to the umpires) first used the whistle, by which time the Referee was now regularly required to stop play for infringements. The whistle was proving to be a very useful tool indeed.

1906: The first attempts to produce moulded whistles from a material known as vulcanite were unsuccessful.

1914: As Bakelite started to develop as a moulding material, the first early plastic whistles were made.

1920: An improved 'Acme Thunderer' dates from around 1920. It was designed to be smaller, shriller and with its tapered mouthpiece, and was more comfortable for referees. Whistle 'Model No. 60.5, a small whistle with a tapered mouthpiece produces a high pitch - and could have been the type of whistle used in the first Wembley Cup Final held on 28 April 1923 between Bolton Wanderers (2) v West Ham United (0) and was designed for use in big crowds. And there was a big crowd that day of 126,047. The Model No. 60.5 is still available today.

1930: The 'Pro-Soccer' whistle, first used in 1930, had a special mouthpiece and a barrel for even greater power and a higher pitch for use in a noisy stadium.

1988: The 'Tornado 2000.' first made by Hudson was used at World Cups, UEFA Champion League matches and at the F.A. Cup Final and is a powerful whistle. This higher pitch gives greater penetration and creates a crescendo of sound that cuts through even the greatest crowd noise.

1989: The ACME Tornado is introduced and patented, and offers a range of six pea less sports whistles with high, medium and low frequencies for every sport. The Tornado 2000, was probably the ultimate in power whistles.

2004: There are many whistle manufacturers, and ACME continues to produce quality whistles. The Tornado 622 has a square mouthpiece, and is a bigger whistle. Medium high pitch with deeper discord for softer sound. Very loud but less harsh. The Tornado 635 is extremely powerful, in pitch and loudness. Its unique unconventional design is for those who want something that really stands out from the crowd. Three different and distinctive sounds; perfect for "three on three" or any situation where games are played in close proximity. The Thunderer 560 is a smaller whistle, with a high pitch.

The popular Fox 40's range also offers some excellent whistles. The FOX Classic - is their loudest, shrillest penetrating power whistle. Its patent pea-less design is ideal for outdoor safety as it is virtually indestructible, has no moving parts to jam or freeze and can be heard up to a mile away. It is the recommended safety whistle of the Scouts Association and the Duke of Edinburgh's Awards Scheme and is used by many Referees. The Fox Classic CMG has a 'Cushioned Mouth Grip' that enhances the original Fox Classic design. This added feature increases comfort and grip during prolonged use, and is ideal for officials who carry the whistle in the mouth during matches. The Fox Mini Compact, has a smaller mouthpiece, and has the same pea-less design and ultra shrill tone of the Fox Classic (it is ideal for Lady's and Children's safety). The Fox Pearl is a patented two chamber pea-less whistle, with a low pitched tone, and is another favourite with multi-sport referees and coaches. The Foxtreme, is a popular choice with younger users and is the same design as the Fox Pearl but is available in an attractive marbleized colour scheme, each whistle having it's own unique colour and pattern formation.

The Fox 40 "pea-less" whistle originated from an idea by Ron Foxcroft a USA basketball Referee who like others, had experienced problems with pea whistles not reacting quickly enough, and were unable to be heard above a large crowd noise. He explains. "They have a cork pea in them and when you blow a pea - whistle really hard, nothing comes out. When they're frozen or wet or get some dirt inside, they lose their efficiency."

Foxcroft listed a number of improvements that could enhance the performance of a whistle, and showed them to, Dan Bruneau the President a plastics moulding company Promold Corporation, based in Stoney Creek, Ontario. The company agreed to manufacture the whistle parts designed by Foxcroft. Promold went on to perfect a plastic moulded injection process that ultrasonically welded together whistle parts, rather than glued them. Chuck Shepherd, an Ontario design consultant took on the project. It took 14 prototypes to perfect the first Fox 40 pea-less whistle, which was patented on Ron Foxcroft's 40th birthday.

This whistle was first professionally used at the Basketball, Pan Am Games in Indianapolis. It was not long after this, that other sports realised its quality. Its tones were heard above the crowd at the Seoul Olympics, and was the predominant whistle used by Referees in the 1990 World Cup Soccer held in Italy and the 1994 World Cup held in the United States. The Fox 40 whistle is now patented in many Countries, and is popular not only with Referees, but with coaches, water safety, rescue teams, personal safety, dog owners and trainers, and many other sports enthusiasts. It is also an approved and recommended sound signalling device with Coast Guards Worldwide.

-gdsra.com.au-

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History,

History of football Shoes

Adolf Dassler adidas founder       Rudolf Dassler Founder Puma

Shoes become an important tool for football players. Shape, design, and color changing. Its meaning players can not simply keep up appearances, but also keep the wearer characters.

At first, players may wear sandals of any kind in the field. Shoes with plain base and is often used for work was allowed. Women's shoes with the right kind of high even once used a man in a green field.

Then, step out on the 1863 FIFA regulations. One of them reads, "which can neither wear protruding nails, iron plates, or the sap of rubber on the soles of his shoes are allowed to play."

Rules that raises passions cobbler in the UK and European football untukmembuat special shoes. Before the start of mass industry, cobbler made in the scale of most households.

In 1895, Joe and Jeff Foster founded J.W. Foster and Sons in Bolton, England, before turning it into Reebok in 1958. Since January 1905, Herman Jansen made the store as well as sandals in her home workshop in the town of Hengelo, Gelderland Province, eastern Netherlands. In the same year, comes Gola shoe maker in England.

Shoe industry increasingly stretched when his younger brother Adolf and Rudolf Dassler opened a factory with a Gebruder Dassler Schuhfabrik in 1924. Two brothers' partnership was finally broken in 1947. Adolf form Adidas and Puma Rudolf spawn.



Shoes with a Cup Final Specials worldwide thanks to "teeth" at the bottom of the timber so that the player easily to the ground clutching his leg. End of the shoe is made with woven patterns to easily move the player controls the ball during his toes.Tooth shape is like a small tube with a three-pointed nails. Players must memakukkan "nail" into the sol with a small hammer.

Serration size was also varied. Players will choose a longer tooth to play in the muddy field so as not to easily slip. One task is to check the referee and his assistant sol before the players entered the field. If your teeth are too sharp and the shoes stand out, players are not allowed to enter.

Past sandals made from leather thin but heavy. The model nor the form of long boots in order to protect the ankle boot players from kicking the opponent. New shoes are generally hard and rigid so that often make the wearer leg injury. To be more flexible and comfortable wear, shoes soaked for several hours before the subject, and dried to moisture content while not incriminating footwear.

In the 1920s, football boots began to be mass produced. One of famous the this era was Manfield Hotspur. Leather shoes are not only produced for adult players, but also for all ages, including children.

Ten years later, came the shoelace color variations. In addition to black, there are also white, red, and others. In the field, players often-changing menggonta this rope because the process of soak-drying shoe makes strap can be easily damaged.

In 1951, the company began sniffing shoes new business. They profiteer famous player name for a product. England star at the time, Stanley Matthews, to name the output CWS shoes. He listed himself as the first player who was hired as a shoe commercials. Thus, began the commercialization of sponsorship by manufacturers of shoes to the player, who now earn a maximum of 20 pounds.

Besides Matthews, other players began to get a special place in the hearts of producers. Shoes Bobby Charlton, for example, available in 1964. Two years later, appeared sandals named Pele, who was made according to the demands of agile style of playing the Brazilian style.

Matthews also become one of the users shoes Continental, the latest series of Manfield and worn Hotspur players in Europe and Brazil. These shoes are made in the 1950s to the 1960s.

At that time, the soles of shoes are also made with rubber, plastic, or metal with a hook screw.

Adi Dassler shoes designed for the German national team when competing in the 1954 World Cup in Switzerland. He wore a thinner skin and light for a given shoe that Adidas trademark. In addition, the spool assembly is also replaced with a screw mechanism so easily removed and adjusted to the various contours of the field.

It's said that shoes make Germany (West), who was then underdog status, can perform a maximum against teams that are still wearing football boots? Conventional?, Including Hungary, which became a strong team and favored to win.
Hungarian team who wore shoes older models are stiff and heavy with a short spool was overwhelmed when the final against Germany. Plus, the rain that makes shoes getting heavier and the grip is reduced due to the short spool.
Germany was home with his first World Cup after beating Hungary 3-2.

 Adi Dassler : World Cup 1954

     

One of the producers who also incessantly evolved in soccer shoes, especially the aspects of heavy shoes, a Nike. The latest generation Nike, Mercurial Vapor Superfly II, weighed no more than 185 grams. This shoe is also said to be a favorite with the position players who rely on speed, like a striker or a wing midfielder.
During the soccer shoes identical to the color combination of black or brown with white stripes. White Puma shoes ever made in 1958, but was only shown by the English players, Alan Ball, a decade later. Another screen started to appear in 1998, one worn by the players of Morocco, Moustafa Hadji.

In 1995, the former Liverpool player Craig Johnston, to design a shoe called Predators are manufactured by Adidas. These shoes using kangaroo leather as the outer layer that is claimed to facilitate the bending direction of the ball. This claim makes the shoes among other sweet and selling used executor like Zinedine Zidane, David Beckham and Steven Gerrard.
 
 



Currently a variety of manufacturers make shoes with the latest technology needs of users. Shape, design, and the material is made so that players can move their feet as comfortable as possible and safe. The nails in the soles did not always amount to equal one another. The teeth were initially changed to select a round and is often considered to be easy to injure your opponent.

Contemporary shoe is available in a variety of color. Nike, for example, ever create a flirty pink-colored shoes, Nike Mercurial Vapor Rosa. You can see it on foot Nicklas Bendtner and Franck Ribery. bright colors like this are very conspicuous in the field. A clever gimmick to attract viewers to easily glared at her favorite star game and find out the ability to wear shoes.


Since then, soccer shoes continue to evolve following the developments and needs of the age with the replacement spool with plastic, synthetic leather, and the application of technology that makes football player kicked more accurately and move faster.

That's also what makes Barcelona star, Lionel Messi, like the bright blue Adidas F50i was wearing at the Champions League final in 2009 then. Shoes with a layer of material SprintSkin sintentis nan antiair this flexible legs adorn prominent players in World Cup qualifier in 2010. but in the later rounds of the World Cup Final which will be used is F50 adiZero which claims the lightest shoe in the world.

More than the colors that, Messi and all players must agree that the shape, materials, and design shoes to help them out so the game characters in the field. In the end, the audience was captivated by the action of the star.

Now, Messi and his new colleagues in Barcelona, David Villa, will both be wearing shoes that are named F50 tech adiZero that support their movement can be faster when competing in the World Cup later. Speed factor is important because in the era of modern football, sometimes the victory is determined only within a few millimeters or a fraction of a second.

Lionel Messi and David Villa with adidas f50

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History,

Oldest football club

Sheffield Wednesday Football Club

The history of the formation of the oldest football clubs is of interest to sport historians in tracing the origins of the modern codes of football from casual pastime to early organised competition and mainstream sport. Many early clubs did not use the word "football" in their name. Although the terms "football club" and "FC" are now strongly associated with association football (aka soccer in several countries), early rugby clubs also referred to themselves, or continue to refer to themselves, as simply a "football club", or as a "rugby football club". Similarly, most Australian rules football teams also refer to themselves as football clubs. The title of the world's oldest football club, or the oldest club in a particular country, is often disputed, or is claimed by several different clubs, across several different codes of football.

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History,

History of goal post

According to history, dating to 23 BC, the empire of China at the time of Ch'eng Ti've played games similar to football. They used two bamboo poles are established as a goal. Silk cloth tied to the both of them to anticipate that the ball did not run too far.
In England, people have been crazy as the ball since the days of old times. Not wrong to call the UK as the inventor of football. In the year 1681 in the palace often organized football game. One of them is a match between the King against the Duke Maid Albermarle (one group of noblemen). The match that took place in the castle they take advantage of the wicket gate of the fort. Goals are created when the ball went into the gate.
Almost everyone who plays football has its own version in creating a goal. 1700s wicket began to get attention, they have started to use two poles are built without any of them. Then two poles connected by rope rose above it. Players are still allowed to enter by way of throwing the ball.
New year 1801, an amateur player named Joseph Strutt made a simple rule about the goal. The rule says that the wicket consists of two poles are stuck into the ground with each pole distance of 2-3 feet. Rules that survive long enough and not everyone use it.
New year 1832, Uppington School, a school club, make a rule that stated goal if the ball past the goalkeeper which consists of two pillars and under the rule. Cambridge stated that the goal was created when the ball went in between the two flag poles and under the rope. Both are not specifically mention the size.
Rope or a slide rule?
The debate about the wicket was making progress. Eton issued more specific rules.According to the rules of Eton, the goal has a 7 foot tall and distance is 11 feet antartiangnya and goals are created when the ball was kicked into it. The ball is bouncing on it as invalid. Cambridge did not want to lose. They issued revised rules on the wicket in the year 1863 with a mention that the wicket had a width of 15 feet.
But this rule does not mention the existence of Cambridge that restrict high-goal rule.So according to the rules regardless of the high sphere of Cambridge, provided entering through the two poles, it is considered as a goal.
1863 Football Association (FA) was formed. They instantly create a definition of the goal. According to the FA wicket consists of two pillars that stood and is eight yards with no strings in between. But three years later, in February 1866 even this rule was revised. The FA said that the goal is the second pillar that stood by 8 yards wide and at the end given the rope that connects the two by eight feet high from the ground.These sizes are still in use.
However, these rules have not proved to be the only standard for the goal. Sheffield makes the goal by adding a slide that connects the two poles with a height of 9 feet from the ground. Rules bar the use of rose was later adopted by the FA. Sheffield finally, Äúberdamai, AU with the FA with bringing forth the rules with that goal should be to use a ruler or a string with the size of the FA, which is eight feet eight yards.
Only after the FA's fourth conference in the mainland United Kingdom in December 1882, the rules became mandatory use of slide rules and the rope is removed altogether. Since then, soccer goal really has been the standard, which is two columns wide eight yards and connected with an upper section with a height of 8 feet sliding off the ground.
And in the year 1891 on the advice of the population of Birmingham is used nets / netting the goal. Goal nets were eventually made and patented by the Liverpool man named Brodie. Goalpost nets first used on the official party of the North vs. South in January 1891. FA cup final and the first party who used nets to reconcile the goal with West Bromwich Albion vs Aston Villa in 1892. Until now the existence of nets in the official FIFA rules are not as, Äúkewajiban, AU, but is mentioned as a requirement that must exist at every tournament.

England against Scotland in 1877. Note the lack of crossbars and nets.

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History,